Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
banquet, feast convivium
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
chiefly, above all potissimum
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
be pale palleo, pallui
light lumen, lumin-
preferable, rather potior, potius
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
moon luna
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
power potentia
spirit, breath spiritus
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
able potis
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
offspring, child natus
alive, lively vivus
be able, can possum, posse, potui
about to be, the future futurus
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
steep, difficult arduus
powerful potens, potent-
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
power potestas, potestat-
light lux, luc-
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
heat, ardor ardor
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
be sum, esse, fui, futurus
green viridis
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus



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