Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
about to be, the future futurus
able potis
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
banquet, feast convivium
spirit, breath spiritus
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus
be pale palleo, pallui
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
heat, ardor ardor
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
alive, lively vivus
power potestas, potestat-
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
steep, difficult arduus
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus
preferable, rather potior, potius
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
moon luna
be sum, esse, fui, futurus
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
be able, can possum, posse, potui
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
power potentia
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
chiefly, above all potissimum
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
light lux, luc-
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
offspring, child natus
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
green viridis
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
powerful potens, potent-
light lumen, lumin-



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